How Jion Reshaped my Training and Led me to Anko Itosu

At Makabi Cemetery, Paying Respects to Itosu Anko 2025

This clip was filmed during my official induction into the Australasian Martial Arts Hall of Fame, an event delayed from 2020 until borders were reopened. Western Australia had been fortunate during that period; while the world was locked in, life continued with relative freedom, and I had the luxury of continuing my preparations for the demonstration and seminar portion of the AMAHOF weekend.

Many who watched my demo later shared with me they were expecting aerial kicks and acrobatics, the spectacle people associate with Taekwondo. What they saw instead was something far more traditional, and far more reflective of the work my school had been immersed in for years.

What do you expect from a martial arts seminar?

Jion Bamboo Forest Colin Wee 2023
Jion Bamboo Forest Colin Wee 2023

My usual explanation is I wanted to share traditional applications, or perhaps I was demonstrating whatever my school happened to be practising at the time. The truth was that I’d been deep in the rabbit hole for many years leading up to this point. In the late 2010s I pulled my school into an intense, single‑kata focus. When COVID shut the world down, and when we realised how much insight that deep dive had produced, we finally gave in to the idea that had been circling around for years: this needs to become a book.

Motivated by our phenomenal progress, I switched tracks and plunged into the next kata Jion. Supporting me was the last remaining black belt at JDK. While I could say COVID decimated my school, the reality was that training one kata day‑in, day‑out was not for everyone.

How do you ‘find’ bunkai?

Our process is demanding. When we explore a kata or a combative system, we deconstruct every facet of it. We break it apart, test it against a non‑compliant opponent, rebuild it, and repeat. By the time this video was filmed, we had spent nearly three intense years taking Jion on a wild ride. And then we reached an event horizon: when we took stock of Jion, we were shocked to find at a high level it was nothing like Bassai. For those who don’t already know, Bassai was the kata that formed the backbone of my first book, Breaking Through: The Secrets of Bassai Dai Kata.

AMAHOF Gala 2022 Colin Wee Jion Seminar
The Jion seminar at AMAHOF 2022 was when we were standing at the cusp of embarking on an amazing journey back into the beginnings of hard style martial arts.

How do you start writing a Martial Arts Book?

That realisation forced us into frenzied research. Pulling on Jion’s threads was what led to unexpected discoveries about the pioneers of our martial art. One insight led to another, and before long an entire historical tapestry fell into view. It was then I knew I owed it to the world to begin work on Anko: The Lost Scrolls of Ryukyu.

I was apprehensive not quite believing I had the chops to adequately deliver the story. It was an epic beginning with the Japanese subjugation of Ryukyu in the 19th century, and culminating with beleaguered ex-bureaucrats attempting to preserve their culture by developing karate as a training program for the century ahead.

Acquiring Soft Power in Martial Arts

If you watch the demonstration, you can see my search for precursor know-how had influenced my own practice. My abilities were clearly shifting, though it wasn’t a deliberate move on my part to emulate the Ryukyuans. My research had led me to postulate their goals, and that required the retrofit of hard‑style and soft‑style skills back into kata and application work.

From 0:02–0:08, you can see me working through an application to bypass the tangle of arms – while my partner was deliberately offering active resistance. I remember noticing the difficulty as I narrated; eventually I had to trust my senses to take over, read his movement, bypass the resistance and displace his structure for the takedown.

What this is is me dealing directly with my opponent. I’m not “demonstrating” Jion nor trying to prove how closely my skills resemble its sequences. Yes, I’ve worked with Jion’s technical sequences. I’ve also varied them endlessly. And when the adversary opposes them, I naturally circumvent and bypass the obstruction instinctively. The read of the situation and response to the unscripted, dynamic attack come easily – because that is what the training helps you do. Jion informs the initiative, it does not limit it.

Likewise, I could have written another non-fiction book laying out a sequence of historical facts. I could have stuck rigidly to historical cannon, the way many insist application bunkai must resemble the kata. But would that do justice to the story though? Or is it more meaningful to feel their journey, like the way I’m now pushing past hard-style training into soft-style tactics.

That, I believe, is the truth martial artists actually want.

Related: Martial Arts Tour to Okinawa

Bio: Colin Wee is a Singaporean author, martial‑arts instructor, and cultural historian whose four‑decade practice spans Asia, Australia, and the United States. Known for his analytical approach and deep tactical insight, Colin blends historical research with lived experience to illuminate the human stories behind martial traditions. He is the founder of Joong Do Kwan in Perth, Western Australia, and serves as Secretary of the Australasian Martial Arts Hall of Fame (see About the Author).

A Conversation on The Lost Scrolls of Ryukyu

JDK in Dallas 2026

Perth, Western Australia, May 2025: Editor David Moore and myself are videoed talking about our project The Lost Scrolls of Ryukyu. This project is inspired by true events which start with the annexation of Ryukyu in the 19th century, and leads us to then track the lives of a few martial art masters affected by the cultural subjugation.

If you’ve read Breaking Through, you’d probably see the throughline. The Lost Scrolls is me adamant once more to follow the breadcrumbs back in time. Breaking Through had done its job looking at what was bequethed us, but it stopped way short of looking at the lived experiences of the architects of our martial arts.

As I gained an appreciation for the enormity of this story, I never felt more compelled to finish what my first book had started.

I’d love to hear what you think. Would you expect a historical fiction novel to teach you anything about martial arts? Would you be interested to read about the pioneers of your martial arts set in a fictionalized story? If you’re on Goodreads, drop a question there.

Related: Martial Arts Tour to Okinawa

Bio: Colin Wee is a Singaporean author, martial‑arts instructor, and cultural historian whose four‑decade practice spans Asia, Australia, and the United States. Known for his analytical approach and deep tactical insight, Colin blends historical research with lived experience to illuminate the human stories behind martial traditions. He is the founder of Joong Do Kwan in Perth, Western Australia, and serves as Secretary of the Australasian Martial Arts Hall of Fame (see About the Author).

Ryūkyū Awamori

Shinzato Shuzo Kariyushi Awamori
Lithograph taken by Commodore Matthew Perry in 1853 of two Ryukyuan Attendants and a stand in for the Regent
Lithograph taken by Commodore Matthew Perry in 1853 of two Ryukyuan Attendants and a stand in for the Regent

新里酒造 Shinzato Shuzo, established in 1846, is the oldest existing awamori dstillery in Okinawa, known for traditional distilling techniques and the quality of its products.

While researching the story of the pioneers of karate, I happened on a claim by Shinzato Shuzo that when Commodore Matthew Perry and his black ships sailed up to Ryūkyū in 1853, there were only three villages on the island that were sanctioned as distillers by the government.

I had long known Perry had “landed two cannons and two companies of U.S. Marines … Along with 50 naval officers and two brass bands” at Naha port, and then marched them over two hours all the way up to Shuri Castle (Clayton, Shotokan’s Secret p77).

Thanks to Dr Clayton I also know a terse stare down occurred, though the Commodore was amendable to the Ryukuan’s reluctant hospitality, happily imbibing the proferred rice wine, and possibly enjoying sweet chinsuko cookies the royal kitchen was famed for. While there, the Commodore decided to stop and capture the moment, taking a lithograph (as seen above). His happy snap includes historical Tode masters, and a stand-in for the Ryukyuan King. Lo and behold, the image also shows a small table with the receptacles likely used to serve the royal awamori.

Discovering there was the chance that the awamori Perry may have enjoyed could have come from the Shinzato Shuzo distillery, I immediately ordered a bottle of their かりゆし Kariyushi Awamori for tasting. As it transpires, the protagonist and his friends as featured in my upcoming historical fiction novel reached for this libation often and in copious amounts.

Zuisen Awamori October 2025
Zuisen Awamori tasting with some of the participants of the international Martial Arts Cultural Exchange Group, led by Colin Wee. October 2025. L->R Elaine Ogden, Vivica Lamarche, Leonard Montagnana, Peter James, and Colin Wee. Note: Zuisen Distillery was founded in 1887 – just after annexation happened.

What happened during the Ryukyu Annexation?

The book is not comic relief about historic martial artists going on an epic bender. It recreates the incredible challenges which happen after the arrival of the Commodore, where a sequence of events lead to Ryukyu being subjugated by Japan. What ensued then was a real threat to their culture from Japanification, and options to build solidary and protect their identity were extremely limited.

While their life situation might seem foreign and so distant, the more I plunged into my research, the more I became acquainted with them as people. Unexpectedly, a bond developed across time.

This blog post is a Hail Mary move. I’m using it to reach out to Shinzato Shuzo or in fact any organisation that identifies with the Ryukuans desperate situation and their hopes for a better future. There is an opportunity to solidify a presence in this project, to help the publication of their life’s story, and give voice to an era that is too much at risk of simply fading away.

We need to help give a voice back to Ryukyu

Together, with your support, we can honour the lives of those Ryukyuan martial art pioneers, and remind everyone of what they did to help uplift all indivudals who need guidance, training, and were overwhelmed by life and modernization. Also together we can get more people to enjoy awamori.

On the palate, Shinzato Shuzo is fruity and has refreshing drinkability. With aging, sweetness and umami are enhanced, eventually taking on a smooth caramel flavor.

Drink responsibly. Seek help if ever you need.

Support this project by subscribing for the newsletter.

Related: Martial Arts Tour to Okinawa

Bio: Colin Wee is a Singaporean author, martial‑arts instructor, and cultural historian whose four‑decade practice spans Asia, Australia, and the United States. Known for his analytical approach and deep tactical insight, Colin blends historical research with lived experience to illuminate the human stories behind martial traditions. He is the founder of Joong Do Kwan in Perth, Western Australia, and serves as Secretary of the Australasian Martial Arts Hall of Fame (see About the Author).


新里酒造

「ペリー提督による日本開国が、地震を引き起こすとされる神話上の大鯰(オナマズ)を刺激したと多くの人々は信じていた。怒ったオナマズは安政大地震を引き起こし、数万人が犠牲となり負傷した。」  
——未刊行原稿(15ページ)
「ペリー提督による日本開国が、地震を引き起こすとされる神話上の大鯰(オナマズ)を刺激したと多くの人々は信じていた。怒ったオナマズは安政大地震を引き起こし、数万人が犠牲となり負傷した。」
——未刊行原稿(15ページ)

新里酒造(しんざとしゅぞう)は1846年創業の、現存する沖縄最古の泡盛酒造所であり、伝統的な製法とその品質の高さで知られています。

空手草創期の先人たちを調査していた際、新里酒造の興味深い記述に出会いました。1853年、マシュー・ペリー提督が黒船を率いて琉球に来航した当時、政府から正式に醸造を許可されていた村は島内にわずか三つしかなかったというのです。

ペリーが那覇港に「大砲二門と海兵隊二個中隊、さらに50名の海軍士官と二つのブラスバンドを上陸させ」(クレイトン著『ショートカンの秘密』p77)そのまま二時間かけて首里城まで行進したことは、私も以前から知っていました。

首里城では緊張感のある対峙があったものの、ペリーは琉球側の慎重な歓待を受け入れ、差し出された米酒を愉しみ、王府御用達のちんすこうを味わった可能性もあります。その滞在中、ペリーは一枚のリトグラフ(上図)を残しました。そこには当時の唐手(トーデー)師範たちや国王の代役が描かれ、さらに王家の泡盛を供するための器と思われる小卓と酒器も確認できます。

もしペリーが口にした泡盛が新里酒造のものであった可能性があると知った瞬間、私はすぐに同社の「かりゆし泡盛」を取り寄せ、試飲しました。実は、私の執筆中の歴史小説に登場する主人公と仲間たちも、この酒をしばしば、そして大量に嗜んでいます。

もっとも、物語は「歴史的武術家たちが酒盛りをするコメディ」ではありません。ペリー来航後に続く出来事、そして琉球が日本に併合されていく過程で彼らが直面した苛烈な現実を描いています。日本化による文化的圧迫は深刻で、彼らが団結し、アイデンティティを守る術は極めて限られていました。

当初は遠い歴史の話に思えましたが、研究を深めるほど、彼らの人生が生々しく立ち上がり、時を超えた親近感が芽生えていきました。

このブログ記事は、いわば私の「ヘイル・メアリー」です。新里酒造、あるいは琉球の歴史的苦境と未来への願いに共感する企業・団体に向けて発信しています。このプロジェクトに関わり、彼らの物語の出版を支え、忘れ去られつつある時代に再び声を与える機会がここにあります。

皆さまのご支援とともに、琉球武術の先人たちの生涯を称え、困難や近代化の波に飲まれそうな人々を支えようとした彼らの精神を広く伝えることができます。そして、泡盛を楽しむ人々をさらに増やすこともできるでしょう。

新里酒造の泡盛は、口に含むとフルーティーで爽やかな飲み心地があり、熟成が進むにつれて甘味と旨味が増し、やがて滑らかなキャラメルのような風味へと変化します。


お酒はほどほどに、ゆっくり楽しんでくださいね。もし助けが必要なときは、どうか専門の方にご相談ください。

琉球武術支援

The Last Samurai

Samurai Colourised

The Satsuma Rebellion of 1877 was a final stand by the samurai class against the sweeping reforms of the Meiji government. The Meiji Restoration had ushered in modernization, military conscription, and the abolition of the samurai, dismantling the very social order that had defined Japan for centuries. Many samurai saw these reforms as a betrayal of their status, their traditions, and their very way of life.

Yet, despite their resistance, Japan as a whole was focused on a singular goal: preventing colonization by foreign powers. The country’s rapid modernization was not just about modernization and progress. In the face of foreign incursions and political meddling in the region, it was about protecting their sovereignty and ensuring their very survival.

The film The Last Samurai captures this tension through the arc of fictional character Nathan Algren (Tom Cruise), a tortured military Captain drawn into Japan’s internal struggle. In one pivotal scene, he clashes with Omura, a self-serving Japanese official. Omura, seeking to bolster Japan’s capitalist economy, sought to marginalize the samurai, diminishing their power and eroding their influence in their modernizing world. Algren, repulsed by Omura, would later find himself siding with the samurai and identifying with their ideals.

What happened in the Satsuma Rebellion?

The historical reality was brutal. The samurai’s final stand culminated in The Battle of Shiroyama, where Saigō Takamori, once a leader of the Meiji Restoration himself, chose to die for principle rather than accept the new imperial order. Outmaneuvered and outnumbered, his forces fought until their last breath. Saigō, wounded, committed seppuku on the battlefield, his death marking the end of an era.

“… the Samurai had been swept aside by the very nation they wished to protect.”

—Colin Wee, Excerpt from “The Lost Scrolls of Ryūkyū” (Unpublished Manuscript, 2025)

Many misinterpret The Last Samurai. The film is not about a foreigner becoming Japan’s last warrior. It was a man who chose to stand alongside the samurai, honoring their code, embracing their discipline, and celebrating their life’s purpose.

By the time the Meiji era ended in 1912, Japan had fully transitioned into a modern imperial power. The samurai were gone. The country then rose as a force to be reckoned with in the global arena. But for its annexed territories, such as Okinawa, modernization brought no relief.

My new book project, a historical fiction novel The Lost Scrolls of Ryūkyū follows a small group of Ryukyuan bureaucrats from this era. Soon after the samurai were vanquished, their country was annexed by Japan, Ryukyuan subjects were left distressed, and their hopes for autonomy and self-governance grew ever dimmer.

The Fallout from the Meiji Restoration

Struggling with destitution and cultural whitewashing, my protagonists envisioned the establishment of a new system of Karate, one that could survive the political upheaval around them and improve their cultural security.

As Japan entered the Great War, and as rising militarism took hold of the nation, these men were forced to face a dilemma not unlike the Samurai before them. They had to ask themselves whether they were building a legacy to protect their people, or were they creating a system that would be absorbed into an imperial machine they never intended to serve?

Development of Karate

These questions didn’t end with my protagonist’s proposal to the Japanese Ministries of War and Education. They carried forward into the next generation, following up with the choices he made, the compromises he accepted, and the legacy he tried to protect as Japan moved deeper into an era of uncertainty.

How did Okinawan karate pioneers navigate the years that followed? What happened as karate entered Japanese universities? And what became of the men who believed they were building something that could outlast the storms around them?

If you’re curious to see how this story unfolds: the politics, the philosophy, and the human cost, come spend some time with me on this site or sign up for the occassional newsletter. I’ll be exploring each of these points in this blog.

And if you want to experience the full story as a living, breathing narrative, you can step straight into the world of The Lost Scrolls of Ryukyu.


If you’re interested to learn more about Okinawa, perhaps you’d also care to explore the Occupied Okinawa: A Documentary Film by Robert Kajiwara from Peace for Okinawa Coalition. If you’re interested in Jigen-ryu, the sword style used by the Satsuma, and that which Matsumura gained a Menkyo Kaiden in despite it being a gokui or forbidden secret style, see the following video.

Bio: Colin Wee is a Singaporean author, martial‑arts instructor, and cultural historian whose four‑decade practice spans Asia, Australia, and the United States. Known for his analytical approach and deep tactical insight, Colin blends historical research with lived experience to illuminate the human stories behind martial traditions. He is the founder of Joong Do Kwan in Perth, Western Australia, and serves as Secretary of the Australasian Martial Arts Hall of Fame (see About the Author).

Okinawa Reflections

Colin Wee tours Shuri Castle. Standing in front of Shureimon for the first time.

In October 2025, I travelled to Okinawa as part of my ongoing research for a historical fiction manuscript that is set in 19th‑century Ryukyu. This new book project follows a group of bureaucrats navigating the political and cultural pressures of the Japanese annexation, and I couldn’t write about that world responsibly without spending time there myself. Even though the work is historical fiction, I wanted to avoid grossly misrepresenting the people, the culture, or the context I was drawing from.

During the trip, I had the opportunity to teach at a Master Instructor Seminar held at Midorigaoka Park in Naha coordinated with Okinawa Karate Day. My session focused on Jion kata bunkai, using applications and tactical logic that tie into themes from the manuscript. The work blended structural mechanics, hard‑ and soft‑style concepts, and principle‑based interpretation. It was a good chance to share ideas in front of expert practitioners who enjoy the roots of these traditions as much as I do.

Author Colin Wee Martial Arts Cultural Exchange Seminar at Midorigaoka Park

Finding where Anko Itosu and Matsumura Sokon are buried

One of the moments that has stayed with me wasn’t from the seminar itself, but from a quiet visit I made with our small group to the graves of Matsumura Sōkon and Itosu Ankō (Visit Matsumura Sokon’s grave 26°13’28.7″N 127°42’20.4″E Google Map: 6PF4+V7 Naha and Itosu Anko’s grave – 84m SE of Matsumura’s grave, at Makabi. Directions: take monorail to ‘13 Naha City Hospital’, walk 700m Southwest of Station. Address: 3-10 Makabi, Naha City, Okinawa 902-0068, Japan.)

Standing there and speaking about their lives and contributions felt significant in a way that’s hard to articulate. It wasn’t about romanticising the past; it was simply to acknowledge the people whose work shaped so much of what we practise today. That experience grounded the rest of the trip for me.

Being in Okinawa helped me understand the environment, rhythms, and cultural texture I’m trying to represent in the manuscript. It also reminded me that martial arts is always connected to real people, real places, and real histories. That’s something I want to carry forward in both my writing and my teaching.

Author Colin Wee visiting with his protagonist Anko Itosu, Makabi Cemetary, Okinawa Oct 2025
Author Colin Wee visiting with his protagonist Anko Itosu, Makabi Cemetary, Okinawa Oct 2025

As I prepare for the American Karate and Taekwondo Organization’s 50th anniversary event next March 2026, I’m looking at how to integrate insights from this research, the Jion applications I’ve been finessing, and material that aligns with AKATO’s lineage. My aim is the same as it has always been: to contribute in a way that allows us to understand and celebrate the traditions we’ve inherited.

I’d love to hear what you think. If you’re on Goodreads, drop a question there. Or if you’re an Okinawan business or organisation that identifies with my work 琉球武術支援, I would love to connect with you. What would you like to see in a story that supports the lived experiences of martial art pioneers? What would you expect of these historical characters?

—Colin Wee

Related: How Jion Reshaped My Training and Led Me to Anko Itosu, and Martial Arts Tour to Okinawa

Bio: Colin Wee is a Singaporean author, martial‑arts instructor, and cultural historian whose four‑decade practice spans Asia, Australia, and the United States. Known for his analytical approach and deep tactical insight, Colin blends historical research with lived experience to illuminate the human stories behind martial traditions. He is the founder of Joong Do Kwan in Perth, Western Australia, and serves as Secretary of the Australasian Martial Arts Hall of Fame (see About the Author).